Cisco IOS Voice Troubleshooting and Monitoring -- Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

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The Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature provides the scriptable option to reject new calls entering the VoIP network and tear down all existing calls upon detecting connectivity failure to the method list that is associated with the RADIUS-based accounting server(s).

Guide Contents

Troubleshooting Cisco IOS Voice Overview
Debug Command Output on Cisco IOS Voice Gateways
Filtering Troubleshooting Output
Cisco VoIP Internal Error Codes
Troubleshooting Cisco IOS Voice Telephony
Troubleshooting Cisco IOS Voice Protocols
Troubleshooting Cisco IOS Telephony Applications
Monitoring the Cisco IOS Voice Network
Cause Codes and Debug Values

1 Prerequisites for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection
2 Restrictions for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection
3 Global Accounting Script
4 How to Configure Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection
5 Configuration Examples for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

Prerequisites for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

The following tasks are prerequisites to configuring the features:

Establish a working IP network. For more information about configuring IP, refer to the Cisco IOS IP Address Services Configuration Guide.
Configure VoIP. For more information about configuring VoIP, refer to the Voice Configuration Library.
Configure a TFTP sever to perform storage and retrieval of the audio files, which are required by the Debit Card gateway or other features requiring Tool Command Language Interactive Voice Response (Tcl IVR) scripts and audio files.
Program and configure the interface between the RADIUS server and the Cisco voice gateway to operate with VSAs.
Create the accounting method list default that includes all RADIUS servers using the aaa accounting connection default start-stop group radius command in global configuration mode. This method list is required by the probe accounting records the Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature uses to determine the state of connectivity to the method list.

Restrictions for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

The Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature is applicable only to the RADIUS accounting protocol. It is not applicable to any other protocols or servers, such as RADIUS access protocol, TACACS, or DIAMETER.

If both voice and dial calls need to be done on the same gateway, different accounting servers must be configured for each type of call.

Global Accounting Script

The Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature uses a configurable, legless Global Accounting Script (GAS) to control algorithms that determine the state of connectivity to the method list that is associated with the accounting server. The Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature has two major functional components:

Tcl legless GAS-Controls and drives the detection, recovery, and probe algorithms.
Application Tcl scripts-Performs the call treatments to incoming calls and existing calls when notified that the method list is unreachable.

The GAS is a Tcl script with configurable parameters that users can customize for their own network requirements. Users can configure one GAS for each method list, or one GAS script for multiple method lists.

Because the RADIUS accounting protocol is User Datagram Protocol (UDP)-based, it is connectionless, and there is no guaranteed connectivity with the RADIUS server. The Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature uses the acknowledgment of accounting requests from the method list to detect connectivity.

The GAS determines the state transition of the method list and updates the AAA system with the latest method list status. If the method list is unreachable, the AAA system locates all the active calls associated with the unreachable method list and informs the application script instances of the server unreachable event. The application script applies the appropriate treatments for this new event to the existing calls. For incoming calls, the application script checks the method list status and applies the appropriate treatment. For example, the application can clear the existing calls and reject new incoming calls for this method list. When the method list becomes reachable, the application script instances are notified, and they can take the appropriate action.

How to Configure Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

This section contains procedures identified as either required or optional.

Configuring the GAS (optional)
Loading the GAS (required)
Starting the GAS (optional)
Starting the GAS in Global Configuration Mode (optional)
Verifying the GAS (optional)
Troubleshooting Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection (optional)

Configuring the GAS

Perform this task to configure the GAS.

How the GAS Application Verifies Configuration Parameters

The GAS application reads in the configured method list and uses it to identify the configuration parameters associated with that method list. Configuration parameters associated with a method list are either mandatory or optional.

If a mandatory configuration parameter does not exist, the GAS application displays the following message:

 TCL GAS: >> Mandatory Parameter <parameter name from configuration avpair> does not exist

If a mandatory configuration parameter has an invalid type or value, the GAS application displays the following message:

 TCL GAS:  >> Mandatory Parameter <exact parameter from configuration avpair> invalid value

At least one method list must be configured with the GAS application.

If the GAS application fails to read any of the mandatory configuration parameters, it fails and display this message:

 TCL GAS:>>>> GasManager.Start  Exit Failure <<<<

SUMMARY STEPS

Download the GAS file.
Configure the GAS application and mandatory parameters.

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action

Purpose

1.

Download the GAS file.

Download the GAS file at Technical Support Software Download for Cisco Tool Command Language Software at http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/tclware. The GAS file contains the GAS and a ReadMe file.

2.

Configure the GAS application and mandatory parameters.

Refer to the ReadMe file for script-specific information about configuration parameters, including which are mandatory and which are optional.

You must configure at least the mandatory parameters before loading the GAS.
You must configure the GAS for at least one method list.
For information on the changes to the Tcl application programming interface (API) included in the Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature, refer to the TCL IVR Version 2.0 Programmer's Guide.

Note:

The GAS should be configured only by changing the value of its configuration parameters. The Technical Assistance Center (TAC) cannot support this feature, or the system on which it is loaded, if any changes are made to the script itself. Any changes to the GAS are supported by the Cisco Developer Support Program only, which requires a signed Developer Support Agreement.

Loading the GAS

Perform this task to load the GAS Tcl script.

Prerequisites

You must configure any script-specific parameters before loading the GAS.

SUMMARY STEPS

enable
call application voice load application-name

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action

Purpose

1.

enable

Example:

 Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

2.

call application voice load application-name

Example:

 Router# call application voice load GAS

Reloads the selected Tcl script from the URL.

Starting the GAS

You can start the GAS in privileged EXEC mode or global configuration mode. If it is started in privileged EXEC mode, it must be restarted every time the router is rebooted. If it is started in global configuration mode, it is saved in NVRAM and is started automatically when the router is rebooted.

Choose one of the following optional tasks to start the GAS.

Starting the GAS in Privileged EXEC Mode (optional)
Starting the GAS in Global Configuration Mode (optional)

Starting the GAS in Privileged EXEC Mode

Perform this task to start the GAS in privileged EXEC mode:

SUMMARY STEPS

enable
call application session start instance-name application-name

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action

Purpose

1.

enable

Example:

 Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

2.

call application session start instance-name application-name

Example:

 Router# call application session start session_1 GAS

Starts an instance of an application.

Starting the GAS in Global Configuration Mode

Perform this task to start the GAS in global configuration mode:

SUMMARY STEPS

enable
configure terminal
call application session start instance-name application-name

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action

Purpose

1.

enable

Example:

 Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

2.

configure terminal

Example:

 Router# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

3.

call application session start instance-name application-name

Example:

 Router(config)# call application session start session_1 GAS

Starts a new instance (session) of a Tcl IVR 2.0 application.

Verifying the GAS

Perform this task to verify that the GAS has been configured and is working correctly.

SUMMARY STEPS

enable
show running-config
show voice accounting method

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action

Purpose

1.

enable

Example:

 Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

2.

show running-config

Example:

 Router# show running-config

(Optional) Displays the contents of the currently running configuration file.

Use the show running-config command to verify that the GAS parameters have the correct values.

3.

show voice accounting method [method-list-name]

Example:

 Router# show voice accounting method

(Optional) Displays connectivity status information for a specified accounting method list or all the accounting method lists.

Use the method-list-name argument to specify a single method list, or omit this argument to display information for all method lists.

Troubleshooting Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

The Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection feature uses a privileged EXEC mode command to enable diagnostic output concerning various events relating to gateway accounting Application Subscribe/Notify Layer (ASNL) to be displayed on a console. The debug voice aaa asnl command is intended only for troubleshooting purposes, because the volume of output generated by the software can result in severe performance degradation on the router.

The following procedure minimizes the load on the router created by the debug voice aaa asnl commands, because the console port is no longer generating character-by-character processor interrupts. If you cannot connect to a console directly, you can run this procedure via a terminal server. If you must break the Telnet connection, however, you may not be able to reconnect because the router may be unable to respond due to the processor load of generating the debug voice aaa asnl output.

Perform the following task to minimize the impact of using the 'debug voice aaa asnl' command.

SUMMARY STEPS

Attach a console directly to a router running Cisco IOS Release 12.3(8)T or a later release.
enable
configure terminal
no logging console
Use Telnet to access a router port and repeat Steps 2 and 3.
terminal monitor
end
debug voice aaa asnl
configure terminal
no terminal monitor
end

DETAILED STEPS

	Command or Action	Purpose
1.	Attach a console directly to a router running Cisco IOS Release 12.2(8)T or a later release.	-
2.	enable Example: Router> enable	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
3.	configure terminal Example: Router# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
4.	no logging console Example: Router(config)# no logging console	Disables all logging to the console terminal. To reenable logging to the console, use the logging console command in global configuration mode.
5.	Use Telnet to access a router port and repeat Steps 2 and 3, then continue with step 6.	Enters global configuration mode in a recursive Telnet session, which allows the output to be redirected away from the console port.
6.	terminal monitor Example: Router(config)# terminal monitor	Enables logging output on the virtual terminal.
7.	end Example: Router(config)# end	Exits to privileged EXEC mode.
8.	debug voice aaa asnl Example: Router# debug voice aaa asnl	Displays debugging messages for gateway AAA ASNL. Enter the no debug voice aaa asnl command when you are finished.
9.	'configure 'terminal Example: Router# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
10.	no terminal monitor Example: Router(config)# no terminal monitor	Disables logging on the virtual terminal.
11.	end Example: Router(config)# end	Exits to privileged EXEC mode.

Configuration Examples for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

This section provides configuration examples to match the identified configuration tasks in the previous section:

Configuring the GAS: Example

Figure: Example Topology shows the topology used in this example.

Figure: Example Topology

In this example, the GAS is configured for two method lists: ml1 and ml2.

 call application voice GAS tftp://192.255.254.253/app_GAS.2.0.0.0.tcl  
 call application voice GAS method-list ml1;ml2  
 call application voice GAS gas-active-timer-ml1 30  
 call application voice GAS detect-failure-responses-ml1 2  
 call application voice GAS recovery-responses-ml1 2  
 call application voice GAS probe-retry-timer-ml1 5  
 call application voice GAS report-accounting-failed-ml1 false  
 call application voice GAS probe-user-name-ml1 johndoe  
 call application voice GAS acct-inactivity-period-ml1 120  
 call application voice GAS send-accounting-on-ml1 true  
 call application voice GAS use-gas-debugs-ml1 true  
 call application voice GAS gas-active-timer-ml2 30  
 call application voice GAS detect-failure-responses-ml2 2  
 call application voice GAS recovery-responses-ml2 5  
 call application voice GAS probe-retry-timer-ml2 10  
 call application voice GAS report-accounting-failed-ml2 true  
 call application voice GAS acct-inactivity-period-ml2 90  
 call application voice GAS send-accounting-on-ml2 false  
 call application voice GAS use-gas-debugs-ml2 false

The ml1 method list is configured with the following parameter values:

Parameter Value	Description
gas-active-timer = 30	Generate a syslog message indicating that the GAS application is active every 30 minutes.
detect-failure-responses-ml1 = 2	After receiving two consecutive failed responses, the method list is declared unreachable.
recovery-responses-ml1 = 2	After receiving two consecutive success responses, the method list is declared reachable again.
probe-retry-timer-ml1 = 5	When the method list is in an unreachable state, send probe accounting records every 5 seconds.
report-accounting-failed-ml1 = false	The application script should not be notified when accounting fails before the method list is marked as unreachable.
probe-user-name-ml1 = johndoe	Use johndoe as the user name field in the probe accounting records.
acct-inactivity-period-ml1 = 120	When the method list is in a reachable state and 120 seconds of inactivity have passed after the last accounting record was sent to the method list, a probe accounting record is sent to determine connectivity to the method list.
send-accounting-on-ml1 = true	A message is sent when the method list transitions from unreachable to reachable. This behavior should be synchronized with the calling application script. If the application script tears down the existing calls when it is notified that the method list status transitioned from reachable to unreachable, this parameter should be set to true; otherwise, it should be set to false.
use-gas-debugs-ml1 = true	Debug output is controlled by the debug voip ivr commands and displayed to the terminal. If the use-gas-debugs parameter was set to false, only the value of the use-gas-debugs parameters for the ml1 and ml2 method lists would be displayed. The default value is true.

Loading the GAS: Example

In the following example, the GAS named GAS is loaded:

 enable  
 call application voice load GAS

Starting the GAS: Example

In the following example, the GAS named GAS is started in instance session_1:

 enable  
 call application session start session_1 GAS

Verifying the GAS: Example

In the following examples, the output is displayed for each command in the task.

Sample Output from the show running-config Command

In the following example, method lists ml1 and ml2 are defined, and the GAS named GAS is configured:

 Router# show running-config  
 Current configuration :4419 bytes  
 !  
 version 12.2  
 no service pad  
 service timestamps debug uptime  
 service timestamps log uptime  
 no service password-encryption  
 !  
 hostname as5300-2  
 !  
 logging buffered warnings  
 enable password cisco  
 !  
 resource-pool disable  
 clock timezone gmt 15 40  
 !  
 aaa new-model  
 !  
 aaa group server radius ml1  
  server 10.8.159.105 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646  
 aaa group server radius ml2  
  server 10.9.57.101 auth-port 1715 acct-port 1716  
 !  
 aaa accounting update newinfo  
 aaa accounting connection default start-stop group radius  
 aaa accounting connection h323 start-stop group radius  
 aaa accounting connection ml1 start-stop group ml1  
 aaa accounting connection ml2 start-stop group ml2  
 aaa session-id common  
 ip subnet-zero  
 !  
 isdn switch-type primary-5ess  
 !  
 mta receive maximum-recipients 0  
 no memory check-interval  
 !  
 !  
 !  
 controller T1 0  
  framing esf  
  clock source line primary  
  linecode b8zs  
  pri-group timeslots 1-24  
 !  
 controller T1 1  
  framing esf  
  clock source line secondary 1  
  linecode b8zs  
  pri-group timeslots 1-24  
 !  
 controller T1 2  
  framing esf  
  linecode b8zs  
  pri-group timeslots 1-24  
 !  
 controller T1 3  
  framing esf  
  linecode b8zs  
  pri-group timeslots 1-24  
 gw-accounting aaa  
  method ml1  
 !  
 interface Loopback1  
  no ip address  
  no ip route-cache  
  no ip mroute-cache  
 !  
 interface Ethernet0  
  ip address 10.8.156.2 255.255.0.0  
 !  
 !  
 interface Serial0:23  
  no ip address  
  dialer-group 1  
  isdn switch-type primary-5ess  
  isdn incoming-voice modem  
  fair-queue 64 256 0  
  no cdp enable  
 !  
 interface Serial1:23  
  no ip address  
  isdn switch-type primary-5ess  
  no cdp enable  
 !  
 interface Serial2:23  
  no ip address  
  isdn switch-type primary-5ess  
  no cdp enable  
 !  
 interface Serial3:23  
  no ip address  
  isdn switch-type primary-5ess  
  no cdp enable  
 !  
 interface FastEthernet0  
  ip address 172.19.141.84 255.255.0.0  
  ip directed-broadcast  
  no ip route-cache  
  no ip mroute-cache  
  duplex auto  
  speed auto  
 !  
 ip default-gateway 10.8.0.1  
 ip classless  
 ip route 10.7.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.8.0.1  
 ip route 10.8.0.1 255.255.255.255 Ethernet0  
 ip route 10.9.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.8.0.1  
 ip route 192.255.254.253 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.1  
 ip route 192.255.254.254 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.1  
 no ip http server  
 !  
 access-list 101 permit ip any any  
 dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit  
 dialer-list 1 protocol ipx permit  
 !  
 radius-server host 10.8.159.105 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646  
 radius-server host 10.9.57.101 auth-port 1715 acct-port 1716  
 radius-server key cisco  
 radius-server authorization permit missing Service-Type  
 radius-server vsa send accounting  
 radius-server vsa send authentication  
 call rsvp-sync  
 !  
 call application voice GAS tftp://192.255.254.253/app_GAS.2.0.0.0.tcl  
 call application voice GAS method-list ml1;ml2  
 call application voice GAS gas-active-timer-ml1 5  
 call application voice GAS detect-failure-responses-ml1 2  
 call application voice GAS recovery-responses-ml1 2  
 call application voice GAS probe-retry-timer-ml1 5  
 call application voice GAS report-accounting-failed-ml1 false  
 call application voice GAS probe-user-name-ml1 johndoe  
 call application voice GAS acct-inactivity-period-ml1 120  
 call application voice GAS send-accounting-on-ml1 true  
 call application voice GAS use-gas-debugs-ml1 true  
 !  
 call application voice GAS gas-active-timer-ml2 5  
 call application voice GAS detect-failure-responses-ml2 2  
 call application voice GAS recovery-responses-ml2 5  
 call application voice GAS probe-retry-timer-ml2 10  
 call application voice GAS report-accounting-failed-ml2 true  
 call application voice GAS acct-inactivity-period-ml2 90  
 call application voice GAS send-accounting-on-ml2 false  
 call application voice GAS use-gas-debugs-ml2 false  
 !  
 call application voice calling_app tftp://192.255.254.253/app_session_rw.tcl  
 !  
 call application session start G1 GAS  
 !  
 voice-port 0:D  
 !  
 voice-port 1:D  
 !  
 voice-port 2:D  
 !  
 voice-port 3:D  
 !  
 !  
 mgcp profile default  
 !  
 dial-peer cor custom  
 !  
 !  
 dial-peer voice 1 pots  
  application calling_app  
  incoming called-number 25170  
  port 0:D  
 !  
 dial-peer voice 1800877 voip  
  destination-pattern 1800877....  
  session target ipv4:10.8.156.3  
 !  
 alias exec osperr debug voip sett err  
 alias exec h225 debug cch323 h225  
 alias exec h245 debyg cch323 h245  
 alias exec ivr debyg voip ivr  
 alias exec ccapi debub voip ccapi in  
 !  
 line con 0  
  exec-timeout 0 0  
  logging synchronous  
 line aux 0  
 line vty 0  
  password lab  
 line vty 1 4  
 !  
 end

Sample Output from the show voice accounting method Command

The following example displays the status history for the ml1 method list:

 Router# show voice accounting method  
 Accounting Method List [ml1]  
 ======================   
 Current Status:  
 ---------------  
 unreachable                [21:52:39 gmt Dec 4 2002]  
 last record sent time      [23:14:59 gmt Dec 4 2002]  
 total probe sent out       [84]  
 Status History:  
 ---------------  
 (2) unreachable            [21:52:39 gmt Dec 4 2002]  
 (1) reachable              [21:46:19 gmt Dec 4 2002]  
                  SUCCESS                        FAILURE  
 Record  [Received   | Notified ] [Received   |  Notified  | Reported ]  
 Type    [from server| to client] [from server|  to client | to call  ]  
 ------  [-----------|----------] [-----------|------------|----------]  
 START   [     0     |     0    ] [     0     |      0     |     0    ]  
 UPDATE  [     0     |     0    ] [     0     |      0     |     0    ]  
 STOP    [     0     |     0    ] [     84    |      84    |     0    ]  
 ACCT_ON [     0     |     0    ] [     0     |      0     |     0    ]  
 ------  [-----------|----------] [-----------|------------|----------]  
 TOTAL   [     0     |     0    ] [     84    |      84    |     0    ]

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Cisco IOS Voice Troubleshooting and Monitoring -- Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

From DocWiki

Contents

Prerequisites for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

Restrictions for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

Global Accounting Script

How to Configure Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

Configuring the GAS

How the GAS Application Verifies Configuration Parameters

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Loading the GAS

Prerequisites

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Starting the GAS

Starting the GAS in Privileged EXEC Mode

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Starting the GAS in Global Configuration Mode

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Verifying the GAS

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Troubleshooting Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Configuration Examples for Accounting Server Connectivity Failure and Recovery Detection

Configuring the GAS: Example

Figure: Example Topology

Loading the GAS: Example

Starting the GAS: Example

Verifying the GAS: Example

Sample Output from the show running-config Command

Sample Output from the show voice accounting method Command

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